📗 This study focuses on the syndicalist intellectual tradition, which began as a revisionist form of Marxism, then gradually evolved into a kind of nationalist corporatism--the most important theoretical component in Italian fascism. Roberts shows how fascism could be at once popular and elitist, modern and traditional, procapitalist and anticapitalist, nationalist and anti-Italian, totalitarian and anticollectivist. He also illuminates the weaknesses of the regime.